charge_controller_v7/adc.c

#include <adc.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include "battery.h"
#include "ti/driverlib/dl_i2c.h"
#include "ti/driverlib/m0p/dl_core.h"
#include "ti_msp_dl_config.h"

volatile bool gRxComplete;
volatile bool gTxComplete;
uint8_t gTxPacket[I2C_TX_MAX_PACKET_SIZE];
uint8_t gRxPacket[I2C_RX_MAX_PACKET_SIZE];

uint32_t gTxADClen, gTxADCcount;
uint32_t gRxADClen, gRxADCcount;


uint8_t ADC_ConstructConfigBytes(ADC_PARAMS params) {

    uint8_t config = 0;

    
    config |= ((params.channel - 1) << 5);  // Channel Selection (Bits 6-5)

    if (params.continuous) config |= (1 << 4);  // Continuous Mode (Bit 4)

    switch (params.resolution) {
        case 12: config |= (0b00 << 2); break;
        case 14: config |= (0b01 << 2); break;       
        case 16: config |= (0b10 << 2); break;
        default: printf("ERROR: Invalid Resolution!\n"); return 0;
    }

    switch (params.gain) {
        case 1: config |= (0b00); break;
        case 2: config |= (0b01); break;
        case 4: config |= (0b10); break;
        default: printf("ERROR: Invalid Gain!\n"); return 0;
    }

    return config;
}

/* Tansmit Data from MCU to ADC:  Function to SET configuration to ADC over I2C*/

void ADC_SetConfigurationBytes(ADC_PARAMS params) {
    // **Construct Configuration Byte**
    uint8_t config_byte = ADC_ConstructConfigBytes(params);

    //printf("Writing Config: 0x%02X to ADC (0x%X)...\n", config_byte, ADC_TARGET_BASE_ADDRESS);

    // Wait for I2C Bus to be Free**
    while (DL_I2C_getControllerStatus(I2C_controller_INST) & DL_I2C_CONTROLLER_STATUS_BUSY_BUS);

    // **Start I2C Write Transaction**
    // Prepare TX Buffer:
    gTxPacket[0]= config_byte;
    gTxADClen= 1;
    gTxADCcount= 0;
    gTxComplete= true;
    DL_I2C_startControllerTransfer(I2C_controller_INST, ADC_TARGET_BASE_ADDRESS, DL_I2C_CONTROLLER_DIRECTION_TX, gTxADClen);
    DL_I2C_enableInterrupt(I2C_controller_INST, DL_I2C_INTERRUPT_CONTROLLER_TXFIFO_TRIGGER);
    while(!gTxComplete);
    // **Ensure STOP Condition is Sent**
    while (DL_I2C_getControllerStatus(I2C_controller_INST) & DL_I2C_CONTROLLER_STATUS_BUSY_BUS);
    printf("Configuration Sent Successfully for 0x%X!\n", config_byte);
}

/*
READY BIT:
    This bit is the data ready flag. In read mode, this bit indicates if the output register has been updated
    with a latest conversion result. In One-Shot Conversion mode, writing this bit to “1” initiates a new
    conversion.

    1= Output Register has not been updated
    0= Output Register has been updated

*/

bool ADC_CheckReadyBit(uint8_t slot_id, ADC_PARAMS params){
    uint8_t config_byte = ADC_ConstructConfigBytes(params);
    DL_I2C_startControllerTransfer(I2C_controller_INST, ADC_TARGET_BASE_ADDRESS+slot_id, DL_I2C_CONTROLLER_DIRECTION_RX, 1);
    config_byte= DL_I2C_receiveControllerData(I2C_controller_INST);
    bool ready= (config_byte & 0x80)==0;
    printf("Slot: %d | Config Byte: 0x%02X | READY Bit: %d\n", slot_id, config_byte, ready);
    return ready;
}


/*
Function to read ADC DATA: This function simply retrieves the ADC raw digital output as 16-bit signed integer. 
* The value returned is not yet converted to VOLTAGE.
* adc_data[2]: Buffer with an array of size 2, to store two bytes of ADC data. 
*             Since, the ADC output consists of two 8-bit bytes:
*             - adc_data[0] (MSB)
*             - adc_data[1] (LSB)
* Next, we verify if the the I2C bus is busy using the function in the driverlib: DL_I2C_get ControllerStatus
*       - Prevents collisions by ensuring no two I2C device is using the same bus before initializing.
* BEGIN I2C READ operation to request 2 bytes from the ADC-> DL_I2C_startControllerTransfer()
* Parameters:
    - I2C_controller_INST: Refererence to the I2C instance bring used.
    - DEF_TARGET_ADDR_ADC: Address of the ADC
    - DL_I2C_CONTROLLER_DIRECTION_RX: Indicates that we want to receive the data from ADC
    - 2: Specifies that we expect 2 bytes from the ADC
* WAIT for the data to be received: (DL_I2C_getControllerStatus())
    - Waits until the ADC sends the data over I2C.
    - Ensures that the data transfer is complete before proceeding.
* READ the two bytes of ADc Data:
    - adc_data[0] : MSB
    - adc_data[1] : LSB
    - adc_data[2] : config_bytes
    ADC sends its 16-bit value in two parts over 8-bit I2C data frames.
* COMBINE the two bytes into 16-bit Integer:
    - Shifts the MSB(first byte) left by 8 bits to make space for LSB.
    - Performs a bitwise OR operation to combine MSB and LSB into a single 16-bit number.
* PRINT HEXADEC and DECIMAL format for DEBUGGING.
* Output code is in binary and is proportional to the Input Voltage and PGA settings.
* From the datasheet: https://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/aemDocuments/documents/OTH/ProductDocuments/DataSheets/22226a.pdf
    - Equation 4.4 is being used to convert the output codes to input voltage
*/

int16_t ADC_ReadData(uint8_t slot_id, ADC_PARAMS params)
{
    while(!ADC_CheckReadyBit(slot_id, params)){
        delay_cycles(50000);
    }
    uint8_t adc_data[3] = {0};  // Buffer for ADC data (MSB, LSB, Config Byte)
    int16_t raw_adc = 0;
    /*The ACK bits after conversion is issued by the Master, when the device receives a READ command, it outputs two data bytes
    followed by a configuration register
    in 16 bit conversion mode the MSB(=sign bit) of the first data type is D15.
    */
    uint8_t bytes_to_read= 3;
    uint8_t adc_address= ADC_TARGET_BASE_ADDRESS + slot_id;
    //printf("Reading ADC Data from MCP3428 for channel: %u\n", params.channel);
    
    if(DL_I2C_getControllerStatus(I2C_controller_INST) & DL_I2C_CONTROLLER_STATUS_BUSY_BUS){
        printf("Error: I2C bus stuck! Resetting..\n");
        DL_I2C_resetControllerTransfer(I2C_controller_INST);
    }

    gRxADClen= bytes_to_read;
    gRxADCcount= 0;
    gRxComplete= false;
   
    DL_I2C_startControllerTransfer(I2C_controller_INST, adc_address, DL_I2C_CONTROLLER_DIRECTION_RX, gRxADClen);
    DL_I2C_enableInterrupt(I2C_controller_INST, DL_I2C_INTERRUPT_CONTROLLER_RXFIFO_TRIGGER);
    while (DL_I2C_getControllerStatus(I2C_controller_INST) & DL_I2C_CONTROLLER_STATUS_BUSY_BUS);
    delay_cycles(100000);
    while(!gRxComplete);
        
    
    while (DL_I2C_getControllerStatus(I2C_controller_INST) & DL_I2C_CONTROLLER_STATUS_BUSY_BUS);
    
    uint8_t msb= gRxPacket[0];
    uint8_t lsb= gRxPacket[1];
    uint8_t config_adc_byte= gRxPacket[2];

    uint8_t gain_setting = (config_adc_byte & 0x03);
    uint8_t gain_multiplier = (1 << gain_setting); // Gain values: 1, 2, 4, 8

    if (params.resolution==16){
        raw_adc= (msb << 8)| lsb;
        if(raw_adc > 32767) raw_adc-= 65536;
    }
    else if (params.resolution == 14) {
        raw_adc= ((msb & 0b00111111) << 8)| lsb;
        if(raw_adc > 8191) raw_adc-= 16384;
    }
    else if(params.resolution == 12){
        raw_adc = ((msb & 0b00001111) << 8) | lsb; 
        if (raw_adc > 2047) raw_adc -= 4096; 

    }

    //printf("Gain %d: \n", gain_multiplier);
    printf("Raw ADC Value: 0x%0X (%d)\n", raw_adc, raw_adc);
    return raw_adc;
   
}


/* Function to Convert ADC Reading to Voltage */
uint16_t ADC_ConvertToVoltage(int16_t adc_value, ADC_PARAMS params) {
    uint16_t measured_voltage= 0;
    uint16_t LSB= 0;
    uint32_t max_adc_value= 1;

     switch (params.resolution) {
        case 12:  // 12-bit
            max_adc_value = 4095;
            break;
        case 14:  // 14-bit
            max_adc_value = 16383;
            break;
        case 16:  // 16-bit
            max_adc_value = 65535;
            break;
        default:
            printf("Error: Unknown ADC Resolution!\n");
            return 0;
        }
    measured_voltage= (((uint32_t)adc_value * ADC_VREF_MV) * 3)/max_adc_value;

    
    /*Formula for ADC to Voltage Conversion*/
    //voltage = (adc_value / max_adc_value)* VREF/gain;
   
    //printf("Converted Voltage: %d mV\n", measured_voltage);
    return (uint16_t)measured_voltage;
}

/* Function to Convert ADC Reading to Voltage */
uint16_t ADC_ConvertToCurrent(int16_t adc_value, ADC_PARAMS params) {
    int16_t current_mA= 0;
    //uint8_t r_shunt= 0.1;
    //Convert ADC value to voltage across shunt resistor:
    uint16_t voltage_mV= ADC_ConvertToVoltage(adc_value, params);
    //Convert voltage drop across shunt resistor to current
    current_mA= (voltage_mV)/ 0.1;
    //printf("Converted Current: %d mA.\n", current_mA);
    return (int16_t)current_mA;
}

void Battery_UpdateVoltage(ADC_PARAMS params){
    for(uint8_t slot=0; slot< NUM_SLOTS; slot++ ){
        //CH1: Voltage Setup
        int16_t raw_adc_voltage= ADC_ReadData(slot, params);
        batteries[slot].voltage= ADC_ConvertToVoltage(raw_adc_voltage, params);   
        printf("Battery Voltage for slot %d is %u mV.\n", slot, batteries[slot].voltage);
        }

}

void Battery_UpdateCurrent(ADC_PARAMS params){
    for(uint8_t slot=0; slot< NUM_SLOTS; slot++ ){
        //CH2: Charge Current
        int16_t raw_adc_current= ADC_ReadData(slot, params);
        batteries[slot].current= ADC_ConvertToCurrent(raw_adc_current, params);
        printf("Battery current for slot %d is %u mA.\n", slot, batteries[slot].current);
        }

}